What materials are usually used in the production of refractory linings?

The production of refractory linings primarily involves the use of ceramics and aggregates due to their ability to withstand high temperatures and resist thermal shock. Refractory materials are designed to line furnaces, kilns, and other equipment that operate at elevated temperatures. Ceramics contribute to the structural integrity and thermal resistance of the lining, while aggregates are used to provide bulk, strength, and stability, enhancing the performance of the refractories.

Ceramics can include materials like alumina and silica, which are known for their durability and resistance to chemical attack, making them ideal for high-temperature applications. Aggregates are typically composed of more coarse materials that also withstand high heat and help in forming a stable and effective lining.

In contrast, the other materials mentioned in the other choices would not serve as effective refractory linings. For instance, plastic and wood would melt or burn at high temperatures; glass, while it can handle some heat, is not suitable for the rigorous conditions expected in refractory applications; and metal and rubber would either deform or char under extreme heat conditions. Thus, ceramics and aggregates are the optimal choice for their heat resistance and structural properties in refractory linings.