Identify a common cause of boiler tube failure.

Boiler tube failure is a significant concern in power engineering, and understanding the causes is crucial for maintaining operational efficiency and safety. Corrosion due to water-metal reaction is a prevalent issue that leads to boiler tube failures. This type of corrosion occurs when boiler water interacts with the metal surfaces of the tubes, often exacerbated by factors such as improper water chemistry, inadequate treatment, and high temperatures.

As water is heated within the boiler, it creates conditions that can lead to the dissolution of metal ions from the tube material. This process can significantly weaken the tubes, promote pitting, and ultimately result in leaks or catastrophic failure. Furthermore, if the boiler water contains dissolved oxygen, it can exacerbate corrosion rates. Managing water quality, maintaining proper pH, and ensuring that chemical treatments are effectively applied are vital for preventing this type of failure.

The other potential causes mentioned, while relevant in various contexts, do not have the same direct and common link to tube failure as corrosion from water-metal reactions does. Understanding these dynamics and implementing rigorous water treatment strategies are essential components in ensuring the longevity and reliability of boiler systems.